Reflections on Politics in the Sahel

Yvan Guichaoua
46 min readAug 25, 2017

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I have been studying politics in the Sahel since 2007. Below, I’m compiling stuff I have written or said, alone or with colleagues, on the Sahel in various media. I share day-to-day thoughts and relevant links on Twitter. Academic publications are available on Academia (not updated anymore: it used to be cool, but now it’s not) and ResearchGate. Media contributions or reports below appear in reverse chronological order (i.e. most recent on top). NB: I am happy to share gated pieces if you ask kindly in the comments section. Last update: 10 June 2024

27 May 2024. Presentation in Sweden on EU engagement with AES countries

March 2024. Amnesty International interviewed me on the situation of civilians during wartime in the Sahel

https://www.amnesty.ch/fr/sur-amnesty/publications/magazine-amnesty/2024-1/sous-pressions

20 Dec 2023. Long itw with Polish Television on the security situation in the Sahel

29 Nov 2023. I joined a panel at the French National Assembly discussing French interventionism in the Sahel

3 Nov 2023. Reuters interviewed me for a piece on the Malian army’s return to Kidal coinciding with MINUSMA’s withdrawal

27 Oct 2023. I was an invited professor at Sc Po Grenoble for a week of teaching on Politics and Conflicts in Africa

26 June 2023. I was live on BBC to talk about the fallout of the Wagner mutiny in Africa

25 Apr 2023. Long interview with Studio Kalangou — a fantastic network of radio stations committed to local and accurate information in Niger. The first segment is on the importance of independent information in times of war; the second one (8'38") details the findings of the report written with Ferdaous Bouhlel on interactions between civilians and jihadists in Mali and Niger

2 Apr 2023. Ferdaous Bouhlel and I have a long new piece out on interactions between civilians and jihadists in Mali and Niger. Find below a Twitter thread in French that summarises the findings of the report, which is in English. The URL of the report is at the end of the thread.

See also:

22 Feb 2023. I contributed to an issue of the “Bulletin FrancoPaix” on the aftermath of the French withdrawal from Mali. My focus is on MINUSMA

8 Feb 2023. Long interview in Libération about coups and fast political sea changes in the Sahel. It’s been an absolute honour to have so much space in the newspaper

30 Nov 2022. Overview of the drivers of the Sahel crisis, for the podcast Doomsday Watch

29 Nov 2022. I’m interviewed in this Swedish Television show on the drivers of jihadist expansion in the Sahel

22 Nov 2022. My former colleague Phil Cunliffe offered me the chance to talk at length about the French intervention in the Sahel

18 Nov 2022. Quick comment for AFP on the withdrawal of MINUSMA contingents from Mali and the conundrum of Troop Contributing Countries

5 Oct 2022. A panel organised by ISPI on foreign interventionism in the Sahel, with wonderful colleagues

30 Sep 2022. Lara Riachi, a former Conflict student at BSIS, and I have written a literature review on MINUSMA for the Dutch government which is now out

2 Aug 2002. Lamine Savané and I have a long read in Afrique XXI which tries to unpack what the post-May 2021 regime in Mali is made of

3 June 2022. Remotely Sahel-related. I was at a conference organised by WIDER in Helsinki, discussing four excellent papers on rebel governance

14 Feb 2022. Insomnia has made me write the following on how scholarly expertise has (not) informed French interventionism in the Sahel

14 Feb 2022. Multiple quotes in this story by Pierre Alonso tracing the origins of Barkhane’s failure, as the French military retreat from Mali

2 Feb 2022. TV debate on LN24, to talk about coups and enduring political crisis in the Sahel. Podcast version below. Video version available here

22 Jan 2022. Interview with Swedish national radio, as part of a long report on the foreign intervention in Mali

16 Sep 2021. Itw on RFI about the announcement by French authorities of Abu Walid al-Sahrawi’s killing by Barkhane

8 Sep 2021. Got a couple of quotes in this great long read by Neil Munshi in the FT

31 Aug 2021. Another discussion on the Sahel/Afghanistan comparison. The comparison has flourished in the media after the fall of Kabul and annoyed several Sahelian friends and colleagues. But I think that some parallels can be cautiously drawn, particularly when it comes to the logic of foreign interventionism

22 Aug 2021. Some personal thoughts among others’ thoughts about the parallels to draw or not to draw between the Sahel and Afghanistan, with a focus on the French intervention

18 Aug 2021. Some personal thoughts among others’ thoughts about the parallels to draw or not to draw between the Sahel and Afghanistan

16 June 2021. The New Humanitarian is publishing an impressive investigation on civilians mistakenly killed by France in counterterrorism operations in Mali. I have been interviewed among other specialists

10 June 2021. I shared thoughts with Mediapart’s journalist Justine Brabant on the announcement to reconfigure Frenc Operation Barkhane

26 May 2021. Another coup in Mali, in the middle of a political transition provoked by an earlier coup

10 Dec 2020. Here’s a great investigation by Mediapart on the astonishingly careless social media activity among French soldiers deployed abroad (notably in the Sahel). I provide a bit of background on how this material can be exploited

10 Nov 2020. I’ve been interviewed by the NYT for a piece about former Mali’s President Amadou Toumani Touré, who died on Nov, 9th

10 Oct 2020. I was invited to debate on the political crisis in the Sahel along with Cyril Bensimon (Le Monde Afrique), Célian Macé (Libération) and Claude Guibal (France Inter) as part of a beautifully organised public event at the Prix Bayeux

23 Sep 2020. I’ve been interviewed by the Wall Street Journal for a piece about European involvement in securitising the Sahel

22 Sep 2020. Mali has a new president to lead the transition. He has been appointed by the junta. I’ve shared a few thoughts with Al Jazeera

13 Sep 2020. I explain how France has shaped Mali’s political landscape, making President IBK face a dillema between French demands and popular aspirations

25 Aug 2020. Nice, long radio conversation about the political situation in the Sahel and the role of France. I enjoy this format much more than quick commentary asked when something bad happens

25 Aug 2020. There was a coup in Mali on 18 Aug. Ibrahim Boubakar Keita has been deposed and replaced by a junta. I had an interview with Associated Press to discuss what it means for France

11 Aug 2020. I have a quote in this Le Monde paper offering background to the killing of aid workers and park ranger that occurred in Niger on Aug, 9th

10 July 2020. Here is a mini twitter thread on a paper of mine that is just out. It deals with the French intervention in the Sahel…

… and here is the paper itself

4 June 2020. This AFP piece by Amaury Hauchard deals with the important subject of the Saharan myth among the French public… and soldiers. I shared a few thoughts with him on this aspect of the French intervention which fascinates me

2 June 2020. I have some quotes in this piece on clashes between IS and AQ in the Sahel, a new development in a region where the two groups had coexisted relatively peacefully so far

4 Mar 2020. Meeting at the French Sénat’s Commission des Affaires étrangères et de la Défense. Video below + text of my 10 min talk

14 Feb 2020. The Malian army is back in Kidal. I discuss why it is symbolically important even though it is unlikely to change anything in the local security dynamic

Feb 2020. On 8 Feb 2020, ISGS militants executed Sadou Yehia, an elderly man from Lelehoy in Mali, in front of his family. They had previously kidnapped and tortured him. Three weeks earlier, Sadou Yehia had featured in a short documentary produced by the French news channel France 24. His anonymity was not protected and his face was not blurred. Two pieces below detail the event and discuss the responsibility of France 24 in the horrendous killing of Sadou Yehia

28 Jan 2020. I was at CERI’s “Fariba Adelkhah and Roland Marchal seminar” to talk about French interventionism in the Sahel along with Romane Da Cunha Dupuy, Vincent Foucher, and Tanguy Quidelleur. Discover their talks as well as mine in the audio below

11 Dec 2019. I was interviewed by the BBC on what’s behind the expulsion of the MINUSMA’s head of Kidal office by Malian authorities. I discovered when listening to the replay that I’m a “she” (“Yvonne”, you know). OK, why not but the BBC could have done their homework. Itw starts at 6'18

2 Dec 2019. I was interviewed by Fernando Eichenberg for the Brazilian daily newspaper O Globo on the French intervention in the Sahel. The interview was conducted in French then translated into Portuguese. The article published in O Globo is gated but Fernando kindly shared a link from his personal page

28 Nov 2019. I shared thoughts with Philippe Chapleau of Ouest-France on the future of the French military operation Barkhane in the Sahel after the death of thirteen French soldiers in a helicopter crash in Mali. I am pasting the Tamoudre link below as Ouest-France’s link doesn’t seem to be working with Medium (if you don’t know Tamoudre yet, have a look, it’s a fantastic resource — in French)

28 Nov 2019. I wrote something mean using naughty language about French media on twitter, which was then picked by the Journal du Mali, for posterity. I have every reason to be proud to see my ideas being disseminated :)

2 Nov 2019. I comment on the deadly attack against Malian troops based in Indelimane (Menaka region) on Nov, 1st

And here is the long version, kindly shared with me by Marie-Pierre Olphand:

7 Oct 2019. I joined Francis Laloupo’s “Grand Débat” on Radio Africa to discuss the latest political and security developments in Mali, and notably the role of the UN. Not sure I’ll do more live interviews as I’m doing really bad in this exercise

9 Aug 2019. Rémi Carayol offers a great piece on Mali’s use of militias for COIN purposes and security governance over the last three decades, for which I was interviewed

11 June 2019. Long segment with BBC World Service to provide some background to the massacre of Dogons in Sobane Kou, Central Mali (itw starts at 1'30")

7 June 2019. I answered Valérie Crova’s questions as UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres warns against risks of atrocities in Mali. I basically argue that atrocities are already there

29 May 2019. I’ve keenly contributed to this op-ed initiated by young Malian activists infuriated by the insane, racist portrayal of the crisis in the Sahel promoted by far-right ideologues in French mainstream media

27 May 2019. It was fun to do the interview but the result is super short and shallow. Not particularly proud :(

14 May 2019. Interview in Le Figaro (gated) on the challenges faced by the military intervention in the Sahel (the headline is not from my interview)

13 May 2019. Answering Xavier Martinet’s questions on the expansion of jihadi attacks in the Sahel, following the abduction and the eventual liberation of two French tourists in the North of Bénin

25 Mar 2019. This is not immediately related to Sahel politics yet it is related to how knowledge about Sahel politics is produced. I explain why I left the editorial board of the French journal Afrique Contemporaine after the release of a special issue on Mali was suspended by the journal’s ‘owner’, the French Agency for Development.

25 Mar 2019. I share thoughts for Liberation on the darkest day of Mali’s recent history. In the Bankass district, 134 civilians from a Fulani village were killed in horrendous circumstances. We shouldn’t shy away anymore from using terms like ethnic cleansing. (Frustratingly, the transcript of the itw is not entirely accurate and is full of typos)

17 Mar 2019. I gave a bit of background on jihadi tactics in the Sahel in the wake of the deadly attack against an army base in Dioura, Mali

3 Dec 2018. I have quotes in this detailed piece on Kouffa’s death by Cyril Bensimon in Le Monde [update March 2019: Kouffa’s death was considered highly plausible at the time, after it was announced certain by the French Minister of Defense and the Malian army. But Kouffa didn’t die and re-appeared in a video in early March 2019. Good lesson for anyone taking official statements for granted, me included]

30 Nov 2018. Interview for RFI, Appels sur l’Actualité, on Kouffa’s probable death and its implications (start at 11’54’’). [update March 2019: Kouffa’s death was considered highly plausible at the time, after it was announced certain by the French Minister of Defense and the Malian army. But Kouffa didn’t die and re-appeared in a video March 2019. Good lesson for anyone taking official statements for granted, me included]

28 Nov 2018. Interview for DakarActu. I answer Abdou Cisse’s questions about the implications of the French strike against Hamadoun Kouffa’s katibat. [update March 2019: Kouffa’s death was considered highly plausible at the time after it was announced certain by the French Minister of Defense and the Malian army. But Kouffa didn’t die and re-appeared in a video in March 2019. Good lesson for anyone taking official statements for granted, I included]

17 Aug 2018. Interview for France Culture about the security challenges re-elected Malian President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita now has to face, starting with the situation in the centre of the country (starts at 8'55")

12 Aug 2018. Interview for BBC World Service, Newshour. I provide basic background on the political crisis in Mali between the two rounds of the presidential election (starts at 14'00")

19 June 2018. Fiona Terry and Brian McQuinn from the ICRC publish a report synthesising findings from various case studies on Roots of Restraint in War. One of these case studies is Mali, written by Ferdaous Bouhlel and myself. Summary by Fiona and Brian below, full report here

4 June 2018. I comment on protests which took place in Bamako on Sat 2 June ahead of the presidential elections for BBC World Service (Newsday)

11 April 2018. Short clip on situation in Mali, based on a lecture I gave at the European University Institute (Florence) on Tribes and Global Jihadism, organised by MEDirections on 26 February 2018

20 Dec 2017. I was auditioned by the Committee for Foreign Affairs and Defence at the French Sénat. I talked and answered questions about the crisis in the Sahel and the French intervention. Here is the transcript of the talk I gave

20 Dec 2017. I was heard by the Committee for Foreign Affairs and Defence at the French Sénat. I talked and answered questions about the crisis in the Sahel and the French intervention. The whole thing is (very) summarised in the clip below. Full transcript underneath

25 Oct 2017. An interview with RFI on US plans to revise their military rules of engagement in the Sahel (in French)

23 Mar 2016. With Fahiraman Rodrigue Kone. On media coverage of Bassam attack and Ivorian security response (English version). Republished by Quartz Africa

21 Mar 2016. With Fahiraman Rodrigue Kone. On media coverage of Bassam attack and Ivorian security response (French version)

11 Nov 2015. Insurgencies through the Centre-Periphery lens (along with the most Saharan Englishman, Jeremy Swift)

20 Feb 2015. On jihadist media strategies in West Africa. Worth watching thanks to the amazing David Thomson, not me. My worst media experience ever (behind paywall, thank God)

Dec 2014. In 2014, I did a consultancy for the World Bank programme called Sahara Knowledge Exchange. The output is a short report analysing the transformations of political violence in the Sahara, notably the shift from nationalist separatism to jihad

July 2014. Laia Balcells and I gave an interview to Dimitris Kairidis at the end of the Olympia Summer Academy

20 Jul 2014. Schooling under Rebel Rule. This is not about the Sahel but about Côte d’Ivoire. I’m using a similar framework to study the occupation of Gao in 2012 (paper not published yet). The lecture was given at the Olympia Summer Academy which any student interested in conflicts should attend once in their life

10 March 2014. I was invited at the LSE along with Imad Mesdoua to talk about Algeria’s role in the Sahelian crisis. Here’s the podcast

7 Nov 2013. On the situation in Kidal and the killing of two French journalists

26 Mar 2013. On French military intervention in the Sahel (during an unforgettable trip in Australia)

15 July 2012. I strictly have no idea what this piece says but this Czech magazine looked cool and the journo who asked questions was nice

24 June 2008. This must be my first ever interview for the media. The one that makes you panic 24 hours ahead of the phonecall with the journo and which you proudly print out for your grandma. It was about the rebellion in Niger in 2008 and their grievances against French uranium company AREVA (now renamed ORANO)

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Yvan Guichaoua
Yvan Guichaoua

Written by Yvan Guichaoua

I teach and do research on the Sahel at the Brussels School of International Studies